飞机机体使用寿命定义

 <正> The maximum service period reached safely and economically by frames of an airplane is defined as service life. This definition is different from "safe life" or "economic life" specified in MILA-008866A or MIL-A-87221, respectively.It is explicated that service life is related to the overall process of production activity from material to operation management. The paper has also pointed out the way of obtaining the service life.     

端壁合成射流对高负荷扩压叶栅损失特性的影响

利用端壁合成射流技术对高负荷扩压叶栅内的流动分离控制展开数值研究,探讨其改善损失的作用机理及影响因素。研究结果表明,端壁合成射流可以显著提升叶栅气动性能,使总压损失最大降低21.63%,静压升提高5.60%。射流形成的流向射流旋涡通过上洗/下洗作用促进了端壁附面层与主流高速流体间的动量交换,阻碍了通道涡向叶展中部的迁移、削弱其展向影响范围,并通过流向动量注入效应增大了激励缝下游流体的能量,从而推迟流动分离、降低叶栅损失。激励位置和射流角度是影响端壁合成射流作用效果的重要参数,当激励位于角区分离线上游附近且射流角度较小时,流动控制效果最佳。此外,提高射流动量也有助于增强其控制流动分离的能力。     

基于数据包络分析的民航发动机维修效果评价

对民航发动机维修效果进行评价可以为发动机承修厂的选择提供决策支持,同时有助于发现发动机承修厂的潜在问题。为了实现发动机维修效果的评价,首先提出了评价指标选择的原则,在此基础上给出了发动机维修效果评价指标体系,建立了基于数据包络分析的C2WH模型的发动机维修效果评价模型,并对模型的构建过程进行了描述。针对决策单元输入输出...     

空间自旋目标平动补偿与微动特征提取方法

针对空间自旋目标平动补偿与微动(m-D)特征提取问题，提出一种基于延时共轭相乘和微动分解的平动补偿与特征提取方法。该方法通过延时共轭相乘处理实现目标加速度估计，然后构建冗余的微动原子集，对加速度补偿后信号进行微动分解补偿，通过搜索补偿信号的最大谱峰获取目标的微动特征与速度信息。仿真试验表明,所提方法能够有效估计空间自旋目标的运动参数，并快速提取其微动特征。     

Multi-level virtual prototyping of electromechanical actuation system for more electric aircraft

Electromechanical actuators (EMAs) are becoming increasingly attractive in the field of more electric aircraft because of their outstanding benefits, which include reduced fuel burn and maintenance cost, enhanced system flexibility, and improved management of fault detection and isolation. However, electromechanical actuation raises specific issues when being used for safety-critical aerospace applications like flight controls: huge reflected inertia to load, jamming-type failure, and increase of backlash with service due to wear and local dissipation of heat losses for thermal balance. This study proposes an incremental approach for virtual prototyping of EMAs. It is driven by a model-based system engineering process in order to enable simulation-aided design. Best practices supported by Bond graph formalism are suggested to develop a model’s structure efficiently and to make the model ready for use (or extension) by addressing the above mentioned issues. Physical effects are progressively introduced, and the realism of lumped-parameter models is increased step-by-step. In particular, multi-level component models are architected to ensure continuity between engineering activities. The models are implemented in the AMESim simulation environment, and simulation responses are given to illustrate how they can be used for preliminary sizing, control design, thermal balance verification, and faults to failure analysis. The proposed best practices intend to provide engineers with fast, reusable, and efficient means to assess performance virtually and enhance maturity, performance, and robustness.     

Time Sequence Change-Point Model of Electrostatic State Parameters of Aircraft Engine

Electrostatic monitoring technology of particle charging information can facilitate online monitoring of aero-engine,which effectively enhances engine fault diagnosis and health managements.Unlike traditional engine state monitoring technologies,aircraft engine monitoring by gas path electrostatic monitoring not only covers the predicted information source itself,but also detects the information that can provide an early warnings for initial fault states through gas path charging levels.This paper establishes a non-stationary time sequence change-point model for anomaly recognition of electrostatic signals based on change-point theory combined with difference method of non-stationary time series.Finally,electrostatic induction data were utilized by the engine life test for a particular aircraft to validate the proposed algorithm.The results indicate that the activity level and the event rate were0.5—0.8(nc)and 50%,respectively,which were far greater than 4—12(pc)and 0—4% under normal working conditions of the engine.     

热力学排气系统中节流效应及其冷量利用分析

为更好地理解热力学排气系统(TVS)的运行机理，优化其运行参数，针对节流装置，建立了热力学模型，讨论了节流过程中状态参数的变化规律，对比了单相气体、单相液体节流的性能特性，进一步揭示了焦汤节流效应的原理，分析了不同节流背压下节流前低温工质(液氢和液氧)压力和温度对节流性能的影响，并结合TVS实际应用，阐述了节流最大制冷量的利用效果，提出了优化的TVS工作区间。研究表明：在节流过程不发生相变情况下单相气体节流制冷效应要比单相液体节流制冷效应更加显著；而在节流过程发生相变情况下液体节流至两相后，由于空化吸热导致流体温度降低，对于液氢，0.5MPa的压降可产生接近3 K的温降。对于液体节流，节流前压力对节流过程影响可忽略，〖JP2〗而节流前温度和节流背压对节流过程起主导作用；对于液氢在在轨运行工况下，考虑到节流制冷量的充分利用，同时保证换热过程体积含气率不高于90%，推荐TVS系统中节流背压范围为75～143 kPa。     

激励参数对合成射流控制压气机流动分离的影响

对吸力面施加合成射流激励的高负荷压气机静叶栅展开数值模拟,系统地研究不同激励参数对单缝合成射流改善叶栅气动性能的影响,并探索分段式合成射流控制流动分离的有效性。研究结果表明,单缝合成射流对栅内流动的作用效果主要取决于两个因素:射流切向动量注入带来的气动性能改善与射流输运过程的附加流动损失。单缝合成射流具有较为宽广的有效频率范围,当激励频率等于主流流过叶型的频率且射流满足有效激励动量要求时,对叶栅气动性能的改善效果最佳,总压损失降低约14.26%。分段式合成射流能够较好地适应不同叶高处分离起始点沿轴向变化对最佳流动控制位置的要求,在不增加有效射流面积的前提下可较单缝射流更为有效地控制流动分离,此时的损失降低幅度高达15.84%,从另外一个角度证实了激励位置对于非定常激励的重要性。     

被动射流旋涡对高速扩压叶栅气动性能的影响

提出了一种利用压力面与吸力面间压差产生射流旋涡的被动流动控制技术以改善压气机叶栅的气动性能,在进口马赫数Ma=0.67的高速扩压叶栅上验证了其有效性。结果表明,射流旋涡可有效增强吸力面附面层与主流间的能量交换,改变下游壁面涡的结构和尺寸,推迟流动分离,减小角区损失。当射流距分离线或端壁较近时,当地较厚的附面层使得旋涡上洗区的掺混损失增加;而射流距分离线或端壁过远时均会减弱下洗区能量注入对角区低能流体的影响;指向端壁的射流会增加壁面涡强度,而沿远离端壁方向过大的偏角则会减弱射流旋涡强度,从而减弱其控制效果。当射流轴向距叶片前缘xj/cx=40%、沿叶高距端壁h/H=15%、射流偏角β=60°时,其改善栅内流动的效果最佳,总压损失减小可达5.2%,而射流流量仅相当于主流的0.27‰。     

电液束自动化加工监控技术

阐述了电液束加工自动化技术中对小孔加工穿透信号的采集及处理的关键过程。在对电液束加工原理及特点分析的基础上,通过对小孔加工返液现象的光电与图像监控,突破了电液束加工时小孔穿透信号的采集、处理及反馈技术,实现了加工的自动化。